When we think about managing persistent low back pain, sunshine probably isn’t the first thing that comes to mind. But research into vitamin D and back pain has uncovered an interesting connection.
Vitamin D is well known for supporting healthy bones and muscles, but it also plays a role in immune function and inflammation. These processes may influence the way our bodies experience and respond to pain.
Research by Zadro and colleagues found that people with low back pain were 60% more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than those without low back pain. However, that doesn’t mean low vitamin D causes back pain, and the relationship between vitamin D levels and pain intensity remains unclear. [Zadro et al 2017]
Does taking vitamin D help back pain?
Not necessarily.
A 2024 review of 10 randomised controlled trials found that vitamin D supplementation on its own did not significantly reduce chronic low back pain. [Lee et al. 2024]
However, newer research offers an interesting perspective.
A 2026 study looked specifically at people with chronic low back pain who had confirmed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Everyone completed six weeks of physiotherapy, including exercise, while one group also received vitamin D supplementation. [Albalwi et al. 2026]
Both groups improved, but those who received physiotherapy plus vitamin D experienced a greater reduction in pain. Pain scores reduced by 2.2 points out of 10 with physiotherapy alone, compared with 3.6 points with physiotherapy plus vitamin D. The combined group also experienced greater improvement in disability. [Albalwi et al. 2026]
What does this mean for you?
The takeaway isn’t that vitamin D is a cure for back pain. Instead, the research highlights the importance of looking at your overall health alongside an active rehabilitation programme.
Keep moving, stay active, spend some time outdoors and work with your physiotherapist to find an approach that suits you.
Sunlight is an important natural source of vitamin D. If you spend very little time outdoors or are concerned you may have low vitamin D levels, consider discussing this with your GP. They can advise whether testing or supplementation is appropriate for you.
Persistent back pain? Our physiotherapy team at Active Physiotherapy Mackay can help you develop an individualised plan to get moving with confidence.